There really isn’t a legally defined way. Shaming and pressuring resignations are probably the best way that is legally unambiguous, but arguments could be made for things like blockading or other means of coercion

I think it’s a deeper disillusionment with the economy. Anyone who isn’t truly rich is coming to the conclusion that it’s becoming increasingly hard to get ahead in the economy over the long term, and the measures they use for economic health are becoming increasingly divorced from this reality. Things getting mildly better for some people over the recent past don’t offset people’s economic realities.